Fenugreek - Side Effects, Uses and Benefits
What is Fenugreek?
Fenugreek can be described as an annual herb that has small white flowers and leaves. It is a member of the pea plant family (Fabaceae) but it is also known by Greek hay (Trigonella Foenum-graecum).
Fenugreek plants are about 2 to 3 feet tall. Seed pods have 10-20 small yellow-brown, pungent, aromatic seeds.
Fenugreek seeds have a somewhat bitter taste, similar to celery, maple syrup or burnt sugar, and are often used to make medicine. When cooked, however, the taste is far better.
Fenugreek's most popular part is the graecum seed, which can be dried and ground. You can also use the leaves for cooking.
Fenugreek can either be eaten by mouth or made into a paste to be applied to the skin to reduce inflammation. Fenugreek extracts are used in cosmetics and soap manufacturing.
The book Essential Oils in Food Preservation, Flavor and Safety explains that fenugreek oil and extract have antimicrobial, antioxidant, antitumorigenic, and antidiabetic properties. It is widely grown in India, North Africa and the Middle East.
The fenugreek herb acts as a gum and an emulsifier, making it useful as a stabilizer as well as thickening agent for food. It can also be used in food preparation as a flavoring and spice agent.
Nutrition Facts
One tablespoon of fenugreek leaves contains:
35.5 calories
Carbohydrates: 6.4 grams
2.5 grams protein
0.7% of fat
Fiber: 2.7g
3.7 mgs iron (20% DV).
0.1 milligram manganese (7 percent DV)
Copper, 0.1 milligram (6 percent DV).
21 mgs magnesium (5 percent DV).
32.6 milligrams phosphorus (3 percent DV)
0.1 milligram vitamin B6 (3 percent DV)
Health Benefits
Although more research is required to confirm all the benefits of this herb, it has been proven to be beneficial for many health problems. Here are nine benefits of fenugreek.
1. It can improve digestion and cholesterol levels
The herb can help with many digestive issues, including upset stomach, constipation, and inflammation. Research has shown that fenugreek's water-soluble fiber, which is also found in other foods, can help relieve constipation.
Because of its anti-inflammatory properties, it is often included in a diet plan for ulcerative colitis. This herb appears to benefit those with heart conditions, such as hardening of the arteries and high blood levels of certain fats, including cholesterol and triglycerides.
It also shows potential for helping those who are diabetic. In fact, a study out of India showed that administering 2.5 grams of fenugreek supplement twice daily for three months to people dealing with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus significantly lowered cholesterol naturally, along with triglycerides, without affecting HDL cholesterol.
2. The Body Combats Inflammation
Fenugreek reduces inflammation in the body. This is responsible for a variety of health issues, including:
Mouth ulcers
Boils
Bronchitis
Infection of the tissues beneath the surface of the skin
Tuberculosis
Chronic cough
Cancer
Kidney disease
This herbal remedy may not only have preventative benefits for these conditions but it is also thought to lower blood sugar. It could be helpful in managing metabolic and nutritional disorders such as diabetes. A 2017 study concluded that "a simple complementary addition of fenugreek seeds can have a synergistic effect along with diet control and exercise on fasting blood glucose."
Patients with type 2 diabetes were given 10 grams of the seeds, soaked in hot water each day.
Fenugreek is believed to slow down the absorption of sugars from the stomach and increase insulin. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, the spice is known as a "phlegm mover" and is said to break up stuck energies and cool inflammation within the body.
International Immunopharmacology published research on the anti-inflammatory as well as antioxidant effects of Fenugreek Mucilage on arthritis rats. It also confirmed its ability to reduce inflammation. This research also "demonstrated a potential beneficiary effect of Fenugreek Mucilage on adjuvant-induced Arthritis in Rats," suggesting that this herb could be used as a natural arthritis treatment.
3. Helps Increase Libido in Men
Fenugreek can be used to treat erectile dysfunction, hernias and other male issues, including baldness. This is because it can increase sexual arousal or testosterone levels.
Although it is best to consult your doctor before using natural treatments for treating disease or improving sexual performance. Fenugreek powder, tea, and tablets have been proven to increase the sexual desire and performance of men and to naturally treat impotence.
In a study published in Phytotherapy Research, 60 men between the ages of 25 and 52 years with no history of erectile dysfunction were supplemented with either a placebo or 600 milligrams of fenugreek extract per day for six weeks.
Participants completed a self-evaluation and reported that fenugreek had a positive impact on their libidos. Final results showed that fenugreek extract had a significant impact on sexual arousal, stamina, and energy. It also helped participants maintain normal levels of testosterone.
4. Promoting breastfeeding milk flow
Fenugreek is also beneficial for breastfeeding women with low milk supply. It can increase breast milk production because it acts as a galactagogue.
Galactagogues can be substances that increase milk supply. They stimulate the milk ducts, and can boost milk production as quickly as 24 hours.
While more research is needed to determine the exact efficacy and safety of fenugreek for increased breast milk production, several studies in scientific journals note its use in promoting milk flow.
While this may be a benefit from fenugreek, it is not the only way to increase breast milk production. Researchers recommend that women seek out help from a lactation specialist if they are having problems.
5. Treatment of Wounds, Skin and Scalp Problems
Fenugreek can be used externally to treat inflammation and reduce internal inflammation. It has been shown to reduce inflammation in the external environment and may be useful for treating:
Muscle pain and swelling, as well as lymph nodes irritation
Gout
Wounds
Leg ulcers
Sciatica
Dandruff
Eczema
To ensure the area does not become further inflamed or burn, it is important to first test it.
Hair benefits can also be attributed to fenugreek. Anecdotal evidence suggests that fenugreek seeds powder and tea can be applied to your hair to stimulate hair growth and improve hair texture.
6. Adds flavor and spice
In foods, fenugreek powder is often included as an ingredient in spice blends, mostly found in Indian fare, such as curried dishes. It's also used as a flavoring agent in imitation maple syrup, foods, beverages and tobacco.
Fenugreek leaves can also be used in salads. Fresh and dried leaves can also be used in Indian cooking.
7. It helps increase appetite
Fenugreek's flavor enhancement properties are not the only benefits. It also increases appetite, which is a result of its nutritive and restorative properties.
A study was published in Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior. It examined the impact of a fenugreek seeds extract on feeding behavior. Experiments were performed to determine food consumption and motivation to eat, as well as metabolic-endocrine changes.
The study showed that chronic oral administrations of fenugreek root extract had a significant effect on food intake and motivation to eat. The report also indicated, however, that the treatment does not prevent anorexia nor the decreased motivation to eat.
8. May enhance exercise performance
The Journal of Sports Science and Medicine reports a study on the effects of combined creatine and fenugreek oil supplementation on strength and body composition in men.
Forty-seven resistance-trained men were divided into two groups according to body weight. The men were then given either 70g of a placebo dextrose, 5g of creatine, 70g of dextrose or 3.5g of creatine. They also had to take 900 mgs of fenugreek and participate in a periodized resistance training program that lasts for four days.
Participants were assessed on their body composition, endurance of muscular strength and anaerobic capability. The creatine/fenugreek-group showed significant improvements in leg press strength, bench press, and lean mass.
The study concluded that creatine combined with fenugreek extract supplementation had a significant impact on upper body strength and body composition as effectively as the combination of creatine with dextrose.
Why is this good? Fenugreek may work well with creatine supplementation to increase creatine uptake. It may also eliminate the need to consume excessive amounts of simple carbs. You might want to add fenugreek to your list for the best pre-workout foods.
9. It helps to improve blood sugar
A clinical trial found that consuming fenugreek leaves soaked in hot water can be a complementary treatment for type 2 diabetes.
In the eight-week study, 11 participants consumed hot water-soaked fenugreek nuts, and seven consumed yogurt-mixed fenugreek nuts over the same period. The participants who consumed the seeds soaked in hot water showed significant improvement in blood glucose levels compared with the group that ate the seeds mixed with yogurt.
What is fenugreek? - Dr. Axe
How to Use (Plus Recipes).
Fenugreek's long history has been both a medicinal and culinary herb. Fenugreek is used to cook, stimulate milk production and for traditional remedies such as diabetes and lack of appetite.
It's also applied to the skin and hair to reduce inflammation.
Here are some of the most common plant uses:
Breast milk production may be boosted by fenugreek or tea supplements, especially after child birth.
Digestive issues: Fenugreek seed powder, tea or supplements can help with constipation, upset stomach, and loss of appetite.
Inflammation: Fenugreek extract can be applied topically as a poultice to reduce inflammation and pain.
Cholesterol: There is limited evidence that fenugreek seeds or supplements can lower cholesterol levels.
Skin health: Fenugreek oil or seed powder can be used topically to improve skin health and reduce inflammatory disease symptoms.
Hair health: Combine fenugreek and coconut oil to make a herbal treatment for your hair. Massage the mixture into your scalp. Let it sit for five minutes and then rinse.
Exercise performance: Fenugreek supplementation for eight weeks can improve exercise performance as well as decrease body fat.
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